Hydroxyapatite-coated cementless total hip arthroplasty for patients undergoing dialysis: a study of 30 hips with a minimum follow-up period of 5 years.

Background The number of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed for patients undergoing dialysis is increasing. However, there are few reports of cementless THA for patients undergoing dialysis. This study investigated the mid-term to long-term results of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated cementless THA for dialysis patients. Methods This single-center, retrospective study enrolled dialysis patients undergoing primary HA-coated cementless THA. A total of 24 patients (30 hips) were included in the final analyses. The Harris hip score and radiographic results were assessed preoperatively and during the final follow-up examination. Postoperative complications and mortality rates were recorded. The mean follow-up period was 109 months (range, 60-216 months). Results The total Harris hip score significantly improved from 40 to 84 points. The overall cumulative survival rates with revision as the endpoint were 100% at 5 years and 90.4% at both 10 and 15 years. Stress shielding was observed in 24 hips (80%). No deaths were related to the primary THA. Complications included periprosthetic fracture for one patient (3.3%), blood transfusion for nine patients (30%), shunt blockage for two patients (6.7%), deep infection for one patient (3.3%), and dislocation for two patients (6.7%). Conclusions HA-coated cementless THA resulted in good mid-term outcomes for patients undergoing dialysis with no mortality risk. However, the procedure involved a relatively high perioperative risk of blood transfusion.