In Vitro Inhibitory Effect of the Extract Powder of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis), Oleander (Nerium Oleander), Grenadier (Punica Granatum) on the Growth of Fusarium Oxysporum Fs Albidinis and in Vivo Test Antagonist Fungi on the Incidence and the control of Vascular wilt Disease of Date Palm in Palm Grove in Figuig South of Morocco

Objective: The aim of the present work was to study the effect of three natural extracts of powder Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis) , oleander ( Nerium Oleander ) , pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) , are used locally as a phytosanitary treatment against the Bayoud were evaluated in vitro for test their fungicidal on Fusarium oxysporum fs albidinis causal agent of vascular wilt disease of date palm. Results: radial growth and the recovery of the mycelial pellet was almost completely inhibited from the concentration of 3g /l to 97.08 % , 85%, and 70% for Pomegranate extract , Rosemary, and Laurier respectively through three repetitions ; the minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated at 1.55 g /l; 1.76 g / l and 2.14 g / l respectively for the three samples . Five fungi were selected after in vitro tests (direct confrontation) among 12 drawn from the microflora of the Figuig oasis located in the west of Morocco, as antagonist foa; in vivo tests on vitro plants inoculated with the pathogen and treated by the antagonists was conducted to assess the impact of the disease, the plants inoculated with foa and treated with antagonists showed no mortality, with vegetative growth pretty good but still slightly lower than the negative control. Conclusion: In conclusion, Extracts of natural powder leaves and fruits of pomegranate, rosemary and oleander showed significantly effective inhibition rate on the radial mycelial in vitro growth of Foa.