Effects of Synbiotic Food Consumption on Serum Minerals, Liver Enzymes, and Blood Pressure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Double‑blind Randomized Cross‑over Controlled Clinical Trial

Background : This research was to examine the effects of synbiotic intake on minerals, liver enzymes, and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods : This randomized, cross‑over clinical trial was performed among 62 diabetic patients. Persons were randomly assigned to intake either a synbiotic ( n = 62) or a control food ( n = 62) for 6 weeks. A 3‑week washout period was applied following which persons were crossed over to the alternate intervention arm for an additional 6 weeks. The synbiotic was consisted of Lactobacillus sporogenes (1 × 10 7 CFU), 0.04 g inulin (HPX) as prebiotic. Persons were asked to consume the synbiotic and control foods 27 g a day. Blood pressure was measured, and blood samples were taken at baseline and after 6‑week intervention to assess calcium, magnesium, iron, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin. Results: The consumption of a synbiotic food, compared to the control food, resulted in a signifcant rise of calcium (0.66 vs. -0.14 mg/dL, P = 0.03) and iron (5.06 vs. -9.98 mg/dL, P = 0.03). The decrease of total bilirubin (0.08 vs. -0.04 mg/dL; P = 0.009) was also seen in the synbiotic group compared with the control group. Conclusions : Overall, synbiotic in T2D patients had benefcial effects on calcium, iron, and total bilirubin concentrations. Keywords: Blood pressure, liver enzymes, serum minerals, synbiotic, type 2 diabetes