Valoración de los componentes esenciales de la esquizotipia a través de medidas neurocognitivas

Assessment of essential components of schizotypy by means of neurocognitive measures. Schizotypy is not an unitary set of traits, consisting of several reliably identifiable components, not all of which equally important in the prediction of risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The purpose of this study was to verify that negative factor of schizotypy is the most important and useful element in the prediction of risk, as it is consistently and differentially related to several frontal cognitive deficits, compared with other factors. Data were obtained from a total of 82 adolescent subjects (46 males and 36 females), with a mean age of 12.7. Participants were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests selected to assess functioning of the prefrontal lobe, and the Multidimensional Schizotypal Traits for Young Adolescents (MSTQ) (Rawlings & MacFarlane, 1994) to assess schizotypy dimensions. Subjects scoring in the top and bottom 30 or 20 percent of the distribution scores on the MSTQ subscales were compared on neuropsychological data. Results confirm that the negative schizotypy (social anhedonia, flat affect and social isolation) is the only factor significantly related to more cognitive deficits.