Nematode larvae of hygienic importance infecting Chaetodipterus faber (Broussonet, 1782) and Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Pisces: Teleostei) in Brazil

[Larvas de nematoides de importância higienica-sanitaria em Chaetodipterus faber (Broussonet, 1782) e Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Pisces: Teleostei) no Brasil.] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 36(2): 121-124, 2014. Laboratorio de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil. E-mail: knoffm@ioc.fiocruz.br From March 2010 to Aprill 2011, thirty-five specimens of the Atlantic spadefish Chaetodipterus faber, and thirty specimens of the Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus, were purchased from a fish market of municipality of Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The fishes were measured, fileted and further had their organs investigated for helminths. In the both species were parasitized by Hysterothylacium sp. third-stage larvae nematodes with prevalence of 17.1% and 40%, mean intensity of 2 and 9.6, range of infection of 1-2 and 1-28 and mean abundance of 0.23 and 3.83,respectively. The sites of infection to C. faber were piloric cecum, liver, and abdominal cavity, and to T. carolinus, piloric cecum, liver, seroses of liver and ovarian, and abdominal cavity. Hysterothylacium sp. larvae were reported in C. faber for the first time, and is the first report in T. carolinus by these nematodes for Brazil, presenting considerations on the sanitary aspects due to the importance in the fish hygiene and public health program.