Comparison of the effect of manual compression and closure pad on postangiography complications: A randomized controlled trial

Background Different methods are available for the closure of the femoral artery after catheterization. The present study aimed at comparing the effect of manual compression (MC) and closure pad (CP) on vascular complications (hematoma and bleeding) of coronary angiography. Methods In the current clinical trial, a total of 238 patients who were candidates for angiography were randomly assigned to the MC and CP groups. In the MC group, after removal of the arterial sheath, the arterial puncture site was manually compressed for 5–10 minutes and hemostasis was achieved. In the CP group, after removal of the arterial sheath, the arterial puncture site was first manually compressed for 5–10 minutes and initial coagulation was achieved. Then, to continue the coagulation process, a CP was attached to the artery puncture site. Postangiography complications including bleeding and hematoma were monitored in both groups immediately and up to 24 hours after hemostasis. Data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software. Results After angiography, 7 (9.5%) and 5 (2.4%) patients had hematoma in the MC and CP groups, respectively; however, no significant difference was found between the groups. Rebleeding after hemostasis was observed in 2 (7.1%) patients in the MC group, but none of the subjects in the CP group had rebleeding. There was no significant difference in bleeding volume between the groups. Conclusion The results indicated the same efficacy of MC and CP methods in the prevention of postangiography vascular complications. Given the advantages of CP such as the possibility of changing the position in bed and increased physical comfort in the patient, this method is recommended for angiography and catheterization.