Increased urinary levels of CXCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL9 in patients with Type 2 diabetic nephropathy ☆

Abstract CXC chemokines are particularly significant for leukocyte infiltration in inflammatory diseases. Recent reports have shown that inflammation is one of potential pathogenic mechanisms for diabetic nephropathy. However, information on inflammation related with CXC chemokines in human Type 2 diabetic nephropathy still remains scarce. We measured urinary and serum levels of three CXC chemokines, CXCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL9, in 45 Type 2 diabetic patients (DM), 42 primary renal disease (PRD) patients and 22 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Urinary levels of CXCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL9 in DM were significantly elevated compared to those in controls ( P P P r =0.41, P r =0.40, P r =0.45, P 1c ( r =0.42, P P P R 2 =0.67, P R 2 =0.69, P