Two-dimensional mineral dust radiative effect calculations from CALIPSO observations over Europe
2019
Abstract. A demonstration study to examine the feasibility of retrieving dust
radiative effects based on combined satellite data from MODIS (Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant
Energy System) and CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization)
lidar vertical profiles along their orbit is presented. The GAME (Global Atmospheric Model) radiative
transfer model is used to estimate the
shortwave and longwave dust radiative effects below the CALIPSO
(Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite) orbit assuming an
aerosol parameterization based on the CALIOP vertical distribution at a
horizontal resolution of 5 km and additional AERONET (Aerosol Robotic
Network) data. Two study cases are analyzed: a strong long-range transport
mineral dust event (aerosol optical depth, AOD, of 0.52) that originated in the
Sahara Desert and reached the United Kingdom and a weaker event (AOD = 0.16) that affected eastern Europe. The radiative fluxes obtained are first validated in terms of radiative efficiency at a single point with
space–time colocated lidar ground-based measurements from EARLINET
(European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) stations below the orbit. The
methodology is then applied to the full orbit. The strong dependence of the
radiative effects on the aerosol load (and to a lesser extent on the surface
albedo) highlights the need for accurate AOD measurements for radiative
studies. The calculated dust radiative effects and heating rates below the
orbits are in good agreement with previous studies of mineral dust, with the
radiative efficiency obtained at the surface ranging between −80.3 and −63.0 W m −2 for lower dust concentration event
and −119.1 and −79.3 W m −2 for the strong
event. Thus, results demonstrate the validity of the method presented here to
retrieve 2-D accurate radiative properties with large spatial and temporal
coverage.
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