Biological evaluation of selected 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as antibacterial and antibiofilm agent.

BACKGROUND Resistance to antimicrobial agents is a major public health problem, being Staphylococcus aureus prevalent in infections in hospital and community environments and, admittedly, related to biofilm formation in biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms form a complex and structured community of microorganisms surrounded by an extracellular matrix adhered to each other and to a surface that gives them even more protection and resistance to the action of antimicrobial agents, as well as against host defenses. METHODS Aiming to control and solve these problems, our study sought to evaluate the action of 1,2,3-triazoles against a Staphylococcus aureus isolate in planktonic and in the biofilm form, evaluating the activity of this triazole through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests. We have also performed cytotoxic evaluation and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the biofilms under the treatment of the compound. The 1,2,3- triazole DAN 49 showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity (MIC and MBC 128 µg/mL). In addition, its presence interfered with the biofilm formation stage (1/2 MIC, p <0.000001) and demonstrated an effect on young preformed biofilm (2 MICs, p <0.05). RESULTS Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed a reduction of the cell population and the appearance of deformations on the surface of some bacteria in the biofilm under treatment with the compound. CONCLUSION Therefore, it was possible to conclude the promising anti-biofilm potential of 1,2,3-triazole, demonstrating the importance of the synthesis of new compounds with biological activity.