Utilización y aprovechamiento de bagazo de cervecería en la alimentación de animales domésticos

Cerdos y ovinos de engorda y vacas lecheras fueron usados con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad nutricional del bagazo de cerveceria humedo (BCH), un subproducto de la industria cervecera. En porcinos se evaluo su comportamiento alimenticio y calidad de la canal al ser alimentados con dietas conteniendo 0, 15, 30 y 45% de BCH en base seca (BS). En ovinos se midio las caracteristicas digestivas y productivas cuando consumieron dietas con 0, 15, 30, 45 y 60% de BCH, BS. Ademas, se evaluaron los efectos de la inclusion de bicarbonato de sodio (Bic), bentonita sodica (Ben), monensina sodica (Mon) y enzima (Enz) en las caracteristicas productivas y digestivas de 60 ovinos, continuandose con la exploracion del uso de Bic y/o Mon en las caracteristicas productivas de 120 ovinos y finalmente se evaluo el efecto de la inclusion de clorhidrato de zilpaterol en las caracteristicas productivas, seminales y de la canal de ovinos livianos (28±1.2 kg) y pesados (40.5±1.6 kg) alimentados con 60% BCH. Para bovinos productores de leche se evaluo la inclusion de Bic, Ben, Mon y Enz, en las caracteristicas digestivas y produccion lactea de vacas Holstein con canula ruminal alimentadas con 33% BCH. En porcinos es recomendable utilizar 30% de BCH en la etapa de iniciacion y 30 o 45% en crecimiento y finalizacion. Las caracteristicas productivas y digestivas de ovinos fueron similares con la inclusion de diferentes niveles de BCH. Asimismo, la inclusion de Bic, Mon y la combinacion de Bic mas Mon mejoraron los parametros productivos de ovinos alimentados con 60% BCH. En vacas lecheras, la inclusion de Mon, Enz y Bic mejoro el consumo de MS la produccion lactea y la relacion de acetato:propionato. Abstract Fattening pigs and lambs and dairy cattle were used with the objective to evaluate the nutritional quality of wet brewers grains (WBG), a by-product of brewered industry. In fattening pigs, fed diets with 0, 15, 30 and 45% of WBG, dry matter basis (DM), the feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were measured. In fattening lambs, fed diets with 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% of WBG, DM, digestion and performance characteristics were evaluated. In other trial, there were tested the effects of sodium bicarbonate (Bic), sodium bentonite (Ben), sodium monensin (Mon) and cellulase enzyme (Enz) on performance and digestion characteristics of 60 feedlot lambs fed diets with 60% WBG, DM. Subsequently, Bic and/or Mon addition were included in a 60% WBG diet for 120 fattening lambs. Finally, in other experiment, the addition of zilpaterol hydrochloride (Z) was evaluated on performance, sperm quality and carcass characteristics of heavy (40.5±1.6 kg) and light (28±1.2 kg) weight lambs. On dairy cattle, cannulatted cows were feed a 33% WBG, DM diet and the effects on digestion characteristics and milk production of Bic, Mon, Ben and Enz were evaluated. It is suggested that pigs may be feeding with 30% WBG diets in post-weaning periods and 30 or 45% during growing and finishing periods. In feedlot sheep, grow increments and digestion characteristics of lambs were similar among treatments. Lambs fed Bic or Mon or Bic and Mon combination had better performance characteristics than lambs on Con, Ben or Enz. In dairy cattle, the DM intake, milk production and acetate:propionate ratio were enhanced by Bic or Enz addition.