Choosing the shape and dimensions of punches for the operation of piercing on a press

Computer modeling and physical modeling are used to develop a method for choosing the shape and dimensions of a piercing tool based on the engineering problems that need to be solved. Results are given from use of the method to choose the shape and dimensions of tools in relation to the piercing force, the stability of the punches, the flow of metal into a hollow punch, and the removal of defects from continuous-cast semifinished products.