Preliminary study: Breast cancers can be well seen on 3T breast MRI with a half-dose of gadobutrol
2019
Abstract Background Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) breast MRI is highly sensitive for breast cancer and requires gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA)s, which have potential safety concerns. Purpose Test whether breast cancers imaged by 3T DCE breast MRI with 0.05 mmol/kg of gadobutrol are detectable. Methods Analysis of 3T DCE breast MRIs with half dose of gadobutrol from patients included in an IRB-approved and HIPPA-compliant prospective study of breast PET/MRI. Between 11/7/2014 and 3/2/2018, 41 consecutive women with biopsy-proven breast cancer that was at least 2 cm, multi-focal or multi-centric, had axillary metastasis, or had skin involvement who gave informed consent were included. Two breast radiologists independently recorded lesion conspicuity on a 4-point scale (0 = not seen, 1 = questionably seen, 2 = adequately seen, 3 = certainly seen), and measured the lesion. Size was compared between radiologists and with size on available mammogram, ultrasound, MRI, and surgical pathology. Inter-reader agreement was assessed by kappa coefficient for conspicuity. Lesion size comparisons were assessed using the Spearman rank correlation. Results In 40 patients (ages 28.4–80.5, 51.9 years), there were 49 cancers. 10.1% of lesions were 1 cm or less and 26.5% of lesions were 2 cm or less. Each reader detected 49/49 cancers. Conspicuity scores ranged from 2 to 3, mean 2.9/3 for both readers (p = 0.47). Size on half-dose 3T DCE-MRI correlated with size on surgical pathology (r = 0.6, p = 0.03) while size on mammogram and ultrasound did not (r = 0.25, p = 0.46; r = 0.25, p = 0.42). Conclusion All breast cancers in this cohort, as small as 0.4 cm, were seen on 3T DCE breast MRI with 0.05 mmol/kg dose of gadobutrol.
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