Lamellar columnar liquid-crystalline mesophases as a 2D platform for anhydrous proton conduction

Several series of dihalide Pd(II) compounds bearing pyridyl or isoquinolinylpyrazole ligands have been strategically designed and synthesised to exhibit columnar mesomorphism in wide stability ranges. The coordination of the pyrazoles to the fragments PdX2 (X = Cl, Br, I) generates half-disc molecules that are capable to be self-assembled in discotic dimers via intermolecular interactions. This disc-like shape is required for the supramolecular organisation of the lamellar columnar mesophases, which are formed at temperatures below 100 oC in most cases. It was found that these metallomesogens behave as 2D proton conducting materials upon anhydrous conditions. The high fluidity properties of the mesophase facilitates proton conduction as a result of the spontaneous dissociation of the acidic pyrazole proton at the melting temperature. For the first time, lamellar columnar mesophases are demonstrated to serve as a 2D platform to induce water-free proton conductivity in dihalide Pd(II) metallomesogens.