Эпидемиология и социальная значимость фибрилляции предсердий

Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent and serious surgical chronic heart rhythm disorder, which is responsible for some part of morbidity, disability and mortality of the population. In Framingham Heart Study, only arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significant independent predictors of increasing risk of AF by 1.5. Because of high prevalence in population, hypertension is responsible for increasing number of AF cases (14%) than any other risk factor. Organic heart diseases have significantly greater risk than cardiovascular diseases where heart failure is one of the most important conditions that lead to increasing risk. The main severity of AF is cardiogenic thromboemboliae with increasing development risk of stroke by 4-5. Approximately 15% of all ishemic strokes are conditioned by AF and 24% at the age of 80-89. Nonvalvular AF must be considered as the main problem of public health service and the main risk factor for preventable strokes. It is possible to decrease AF cases, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events that contribute to AF development using correction of controlled risk factors. The prevalence of AF among adult population doubles with each following decade. It increases from 0.5% at the age of 50-59 to 9% at the age of 80-89. It is also higher among male patients. Progressive loss of specific cells and increase of fibrosis and liposis of the sinoatrial arrest is seen with age. However, aging involves increasing list of predisposing events, even at relatively young age, some patients more subject to AF development. Atrial fibrillation is a serious problem for aging population. Risk decrease of pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system that lead to AF. Treatment of hypertension and diabetes mellitus must decrease the prevalence of AF that increases in population. The usage of anticoagulant and antiarrhythmic drugs can decrease symptoms and thromboembolic events connected with AF. Preventive treatment to eliminate or minimize risk factors of AF development can become an effective way for AF.