Association of Glutathione S-Transferase, EPHX, and p53 codon 72 Gene Polymorphisms with Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Polymorphisms in genes encoding detoxification enzymes have been suggested as susceptibility factors for many solid tumors. However, their association with hematological malignancies is controversial. A case–control study was done to determine the association between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), GSTT1, GSTP1, EPHX1, and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms as risk factors in 120 adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases and 202 healthy controls by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. Data were analyzed using χ2 and conditional logistic regression model. None of the polymorphisms studied alone was associated with increased risk for AML. However, the frequency of GSTT1 null genotype was higher among controls (28.7%) than AML cases (21.6%), which showed a protective effect of the null genotype (odds ratio = 0.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.33–1.05, p = 0.07). In a combined analysis, both EPHX1 (His113His) and GSTP1 (Ile/Val) genes imparted a fourfold risk for adult AML...