Impacto de las restricciones de visitas de familiares de pacientes por la pandemia Covid-19 sobre la utilización de la contención mecánica en un hospital de agudos: Estudio observacional

Resumen Introduccion: Durante la pandemia de la Covid-19, los hospitales elaboraron planes de contingencia reorganizando la actividad asistencial Una de las medidas acordadas fue evitar la entrada a familiares de pacientes ingresados El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el uso de contencion mecanica en pacientes ingresados en un hospital de agudos en el periodo previo al inicio de la pandemia, con el periodo post confinamiento, pero estando todavia el hospital con visitas restringidas Material y metodos: Estudio observacional que comparo la prevalencia de contencion mecanica en un hospital de agudos en el periodo previo al inicio pandemia (Periodo 1, febrero 2020) y en la fase post confinamiento cuando el hospital todavia tenia las visitas restringidas (periodo 2, mayo 2020) Se incluyeron en el estudio todos los pacientes con contencion mecanica de los que se obtuvieron las variables: edad, sexo, diagnostico, unidad de ingreso, motivo, localizacion, duracion, material utilizado, registro en la historia Clinica, informacion dada a la familia, alternativas utilizadas a la contencion mecanica y lesiones relacionadas Resultados: Se evaluaron 690 pacientes;388 en el periodo 1 y 302 en el periodo 2 Del total de los pacientes, 29 precisaron contencion mecanica, su uso paso de 8 (2%) a 21 (7%) (p=0,003) En el periodo 2 se identifico un aumento no significativo del uso de las contenciones continuas respecto al primer periodo (p=0,436) Conclusiones: La prevalencia de contencion mecanica fue superior en el periodo 2 coincidiendo con la no presencia de la familia de los pacientes hospitalizados Introduction: During the worldwide pandemic of Covid-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, hospitals developed contingency plans that transformed and reorganized the hospital activity One of the measures was to restrict access to family members of hospitalized patients The presence of the patient’s family is considered an alternative to physical restraint The aim of this study is to compare the use of physical restraint in hospitalized patients in an acute care hospital during the previous period of the pandemic of covid-19 with the post-confinement period with hospitals being still closed to family Materials and methods: We made an observational study that compares the prevalence of physical restraint in an acute care hospital during the previous period to the alarm state (February 2020) with the second period, when visits where restricted (May 2020) From the clinical history of the patients with physical restraint we collected the following variables: sex, diagnostic, hospital admission unit, reason for using physical restraint, localization, length, type of material, registration in the medical record, information given to the family, alternatives to the physical restraint and injuries related to the physical restraint Results: We evaluated 690 patients: 388 during the previous period and 320 during the second period From all patients, 29 needed physical restraint The use of physical restraint went from 8 (2%) to 21 (7%) (p=0 003) In the second period, a not statistically significant increase in continuous physical restraint was identified compared to the first period Conclusions: The physical restraint prevalence has been superior during the second period in which families were not present with the hospitalized patients