Heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent and preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent is polyvinyl alcohol modified by phthalahydroxamic acid; the polyvinyl alcohol modified by the phthalahydroxamic acid is modified hydroxamic acid type macromolecule polymer, the polyvinyl alcohol and heavy-metal ions can be quickly chelated into stable chelate, high adsorption capacity to the heavy-metal ions is achieved, the heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent can be used for treatment of heavy-metal pollution, and compared with a common traditional metal ion capture agent, the heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent can adsorb fine particles in sewage more effectively, has selective adsorption capacity and has quite good application prospect on the aspect of heavy metal ion sediment and separation; besides, the heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent can be further used for ore floatation, and high capture capacity is achieved for oxides of oxidized ores such as cassiterite, wolframite, cerusite and chrysocolla; besides, the heavy-metal macromolecule capture agent can be further widely applied to the fields of oilfield drilling, separation of red mud produced by aluminium oxide and the like.