Atypical Form of Primary Cutaneous Aspergillosis in HIV 1 Infected Individual

Background: Primary Cutaneous Aspergillosis (PCA) is a relatively rare condition in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Of the 25 cases reported in the literature, only one patient had advanced immunosuppression and none of the reported cases involved a black African subject. The objective of this work was to provide additional data to the scientific literature regarding cases of PCA in HIV- infected individuals. Observation: We report a case of PCA due to Aspergillosis Niger in a black PLWHIV subject who did not present any of the known factors associated with Aspergillosis, namely venous approach, neutropenia and trauma. The patient had an HIV1 / hepatitis C coinfection and consulted for finely scaly, pruritic, hyper-pigmented lesions forming a cupboard with a clear vesicular border in places that extended from the upper third of the trunk to the lower 2/3 of the thighs taking in the buttocks and external genitalia. The patient presented a good evolution of the lesions under treatment. Conclusion: Our observation describes a rare case of primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a subject immunosuppressed to HIV. Although rare in PLHIV, primary cutaneous aspergillosis, given the immunocompromised profile of patients, exposes them to systematic complications, potentially morbid. Hence the interest for the clinician to think of Primary Cutaneous Aspergillosis in the face of suggestive or atypical skin lesions for early diagnosis and management.