Severe Dengue in Adults and children, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), West Africa. October 2015 to january 2017

Abstract Introduction Altough dengue is the most common arbovirus infection worldwide, studies of dengue in Africa are lacking and risk factors for severe dengue have been insufficiently described. This study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of severe dengue fever, identify the factors associated with severe infection among patients, and perform mapping of dengue cases in Ouagadougou. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to January 2017. Data were collected in 15 public and private health centers, and included socio-demographic, clinical and patient outcome variables. Dengue fever was diagnosed using Duo Bioline rapid diagnosis tests. Data was analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of severe dengue fever. A p-value Results Of the 811 patients included, 609 (75%) had early dengue (AgNS1 positive). The age of patients ranged from 1-83 years, with a median of 30.5 years. Two hundred and forty five patients (30.2%) had severe dengue fever witch The renal failure (13.1%), and the severe bleeding (10.6%) were the most common signs. In univariate analysis, age, male sex, sickle cell disease, hypertension, diabetes, primary dengue, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory were associated with severe dengue fever in adults. In multivariate analysis, male sex, hemoglobin S, hypertension and primary dengue fever were associated with severe dengue fever. Conclusion In Africa, severe dengue is just as common as elsewhere. Factors associated with severity identified should be systematically sought as soon as rapid test positive.