СПУТНИКОВЫЙ РАДИОЛОКАЦИОННЫЙ МОНИТОРИНГ НЕФТЯНЫХ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЙ В АКВАТОРИИ АНАПА – ГЕЛЕНДЖИК ЗА ПЕРИОД 2018–2020 гг.

The paper presents the results of satellite monitoring of oil pollution in the northeastern part of the Black Sea in the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik in 2018–2020. The monitoring was carried out using the archives of radar data obtained by SAR-C radars installed on the Sentinel-1A and -1B satellites. The work with the data archives was carried out using the tools of the “See the Sea” (STS) information system developed at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The conducted satellite monitoring revealed the main sources of sea surface pollution with oil products in the study area. The overwhelming pollution (85%) is associated with discharges of water containing oil products from moving vessels. With the help of STS tools, a map of oil pollution detected on radar images was compiled, on the basis of which the main areas of oil pollution were identified. These include the main shipping routes to the Novorossiysk Sea Port, the anchorage of ships and the water areas of the Tsemes (Novorossiysk) Bay and Gelendzhik Bay. Seasonal and interannual variability of oil pollution was determined on the basis of satellite information for the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik. The results of the 2018–2020 monitoring were compared with those obtained during similar monitoring carried out in 2006–2010. It was concluded that there has been no reduction in the amount of detected pollution, which negatively affects the ecological state of the northeastern part of the Black Sea.