Leaf and roots yields responses of three improved cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties to organo-mineral fertilizers and leaf harvest in the South-West Nigeria
2020
L’etude a ete menee dans l’objectif d’evaluer la production de trois varietes ameliorees de manioc en reponse a la recolte des feuilles et aux fertilisants NPK, compost et Compost-NPK. L’essai a ete fait selon le dispositif en split-split plot, a blocs aleatoires complets a trois facteurs et trois replications. Les recoltes ont ete realisees a 3 mois et 5 mois apres la plantation. La recolte finale a ete faite a 12 Mois Apres la Plantation (MAP). Le resultat montre qu’une difference non significative (p>0,05) a ete observee entre les varietes et entre les traitements fertilisants du rendement en feuilles seches total. La moyenne totale du rendement en feuilles seches s'eleve a 1454,19 kg/ha au niveau du controle. Et ce rendement augmente en moyenne de 10,42% en presence du compost, 39,91% quand le melange Compost-NPK a ete applique et de 34, 19% en presence de NPK. Le rendement racinaire varie significativement (p˂0,05) en fonction des varietes et traitement de recolte des feuilles. La perte moyenne de rendement sec due a la recolte des feuilles est de 3,86 t/ha soit 45,77%. La perte du rendement racinaire sec a ete compensee en moyenne de 35,59% soit 1,64 t/ha par le melange Compost-NPK, et 24,05% soit 1,11 t/ha quand le NPK a ete appliquee. Parmi les varietes, deux repondent aux fertilisants et sont capables de compenser les pertes. L’IITA-TMS-IBA071393 serait un bon candidat pour les petits exploitants depourvus de moyen d’intrant.Mots cles : Genotypes de manioc, cueillette des feuilles, engrais organo-mineral, rendement, effet compensatoire.
English Title: Leaf and roots yields responses of three improved cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties to organo-mineral fertilizers and leaf harvest in the South-West NigeriaThis study was carried out to investigate the leaf and root yield response to leaf harvest and the application of NPK fertilizer, compost and the combination of NPK plus compost of three improved cassava varieties. The experiment was a complete randomised split-split plot design with three factors and three replications. Leaf harvest was at 3 months and 5 months after planting (MAP). The final root harvest was at 12 MAP. The leaf dry matter yield was not significantly (p> 0.05) different between varieties and fertilizer treatments. The average leaf yield was 1454.19 kg/ha DM in control. Leaf yield increased by 10.42% when compost was applied, by 39.91% when compost plus NPK was applied and by 34.19% when only NPK was applied. Root yield was significantly (p˂0.05) affected by cassava variety and leaf harvest. Average root DM yield losses were 3.86 t/ha (45.77%) when leaves were harvested. Root DM yield loss was compensated to 35.59% (1.64 t/ha) when compost plus NPK fertilizer was applied and 24.05% (1.11 t/ha) when NPK was applied. Two varieties responded positively to fertilisers and were able to compensate for root yield losses. IITA-TMS-IBA071393 appears a suitable candidate for cassava farmers with small income because it did not require inputs.
Keywords: Cassava genotypes, leaves harvesting, organo-mineral input, yield, compensation effect.
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