Microstructures of inactive SYNROC-C samples produced by different hot-consolidation methods

The detailed microstructures of inactive titanate-based SYNROC-C ceramic samples, designed for the incorporation of Purex-type high-level wastes from the reprocessing of nuclear fuel, are presented as a function of consolidation method at temperatures in the approximate range of 1100-1300{degrees}C. Hot-consolidation methods were uniaxial and isostatic pressing, conventional sintering and spark plasma sintering. Microstructural information was derived from X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, supplemented where necessary by transmission electron microscopy. The advantages and disadvantages of various consolidation methods are presented in light of microstructural information, with reference to aqueous durability, density, and self-radiation damage.