(Anammox) Bacteria by Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Nitrate-Dependent Ferrous Iron Oxidation

oxidation has been observed in various en-vironments, including freshwater springs (9), paddy soils (10),blackish-water and marine sediments (11), freshwater sediments(12, 13, 14), groundwater (15, 16), and activated sludge (17).Anammox bacteria are obligate anaerobic and chemoau-totrophicbacteriaaffiliatedwithamonophyleticgroupinthebac-terial order