The Correlation of Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein with the Degree of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Atherogenic dyslipidemia triggers the formation of atherosclerotic plaque resulting in coronary artery stenosis. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a reflection of the degree of plasma atherogenicity and an indicator of the small dense LDL (sdLDL). Small dense LDL is a predictor of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the correlation between AIP and sdLDL with the degree of coronary artery stenosis in ACS.A cross-sectional designed analytic study was carried out on 70 ACS patients at Central Laboratory Installation of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital in Padang from April 2017 to June 2017. Examination of lipid profile was performed by using the colorimetric enzymatic method; examination of sdLDL was performed by using the ELISA method; while the degree of stenosis was determined by using coronary angiography examination.The mean levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in ACS respectively were 178.7 (46.8) mg/dL, 108.9 (38.1) mg/dL, 35.7 (10.9) mg/dL and 151.2 (64.1) mg/dL. The mean value of AIP and sdLDL in ACS were 0.26 (0.23) and 84.32 (18.32) nmol/mL. The median degree of coronary artery stenosis in ACS was 80% with a range of 50%-99%. Pearson correlation test showed that sdLDL had a significant and weak positive correlation with the degree of coronary artery stenosis in ACS (r=0.446; p<0.05).The conclusion of this studySmall dense LDL is related to the degree of coronary artery stenosis in ACS