Shielding activated return water at the ESS

ESS utilises water both for moderating neutrons to thermal energies, as well as to cool beryllium- and steel reflectors, the shielding and plugs. This means that the water, in separate loops, will be subject to a significant proton and neutron irradiation causing the water to activate. After irradiation, the water is led to delay tanks situated inside the target building. Before returned to the target monolith ~ 10% is led to the ion exchanger. This paper aims at determining the shielding required to ensure that the biological dose-rate requirements in the target building and neighbouring instrument halls are met during operation of facility.