Formación de biopelículas asociadas a Listeria monocytogenes en la industria de alimentos, revisión de literatura

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of great public health interest. In recent years, outbreaks have been reported where it has been established that the pathogen isolated in the food has reached the food by cross-contamination due to contamination of equipment or areas contaminated with the pathogen (environment in the production plant). It is here where the formation of biofilms has an important role due to its relation with the persistence of the microorganism in the production plants, especially in the packaging area due to its conditions. The objective of the present work is to identify the available information on the formation of biofilms in the food industry associated with L. monocytogenes. For this purpose, databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, Sciencedirect and Research Gate were reviewed during the period from 2000 to 2020. The total number of articles found was 92, from which 77% of the articles (71/92) were selected for further analysis. The most important results establish that Listeria monocytogenes can form biofilms due to important factors such as the diversity of serotypes, the expression of genes involved, the composition of EPS and environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature and culture medium. Information was also obtained on the reported outbreaks, virulence factors, factors that promote the formation of biofilms and the structure of biofilms in general. Thus concluding that L. monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen due to its ability to persist in the food industry through biofilm formation. Key words: Listeria monocytogenes, biofilms, processing plant, sprouts and post-process foods.