Assessment of Biochemical Changes among Egyptian Women with Increased Body Weight

Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate the relationships between ghrelin and leptin with the metabolic state of overweight and obese participants among Egyptian women. Methods: This study was conducted on 82 participants, their age ranged from 43 to 65 free from cancer or endocrine-related disease (e.g., diabetes) they were divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI). Group 1 (G1) with BMI less than 25 Kg/m 2 , Group 2 (G2) with BMI between 25-30 kg/m 2 and Group 3 (G3) with BMI more than 30 Kg/m2. Ghrelin and leptin were determined by ELISA technique, Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment and lipid profile was determined in all studied groups. Results: Fasting plasma levels of ghrelin were lower in overweight and obese groups compared to normal weight control group; also, there was statistically significant negative correlation of ghrelin levels with leptin, BMI and HOMA. Our results showed that higher concentrations of fasting leptin were found in overweight and obese groups compared with normal weight control group; also, there was statistically significant positive correlation between leptin and other biochemical parameters; insulin, BMI and HOMA. Conclusion: Our results suggest coordinated roles of ghrelin and leptin in the modulation of the obesity and these markers can be of value in assessment of treatment of such cases.