The Impact of Potential Crowd Behaviours on Emergency Evacuation: An Evolutionary Game-Theoretic Approach
2019
Abstract—Crowd dynamics have important applications in
evacuation management systems relevant to organizing safer
large scale gatherings. For crowd safety, it is very important
to study the evolution of potential crowd behaviours by simulating
the crowd evacuation process. Planning crowd control
tasks via studying the impact of crowd behavioural evolution
towards evacuation simulation could mitigate the possibility of
crowd disasters that may happen. During a typical emergency
evacuation scenario, conflict among agents occurs when agents
intend to move to the same location as a result of the interaction
of agents within their nearest neighbours. The effect of the
agent response towards their neighbourhood is vital in order to
understand the effect of variation of crowd behaviours towards
the whole environment. In this work, we model crowd motion
subject to exit congestion under uncertainty conditions in a
continuous space via computer simulations. We model bestresponse,
risk-seeking, risk-averse and risk-neutral behaviours
of agents via certain game theory notions. We perform computer
simulations with heterogeneous populations in order to study the
effect of the evolution of agent behaviours towards egress flow
under threat conditions. Our simulation results show the relation
between the local crowd pressure and the number of injured
agents. We observe that when the proportion of agents in a
population of risk-seeking agents is increased, the average crowd
pressure, average local density and the number of injured agents
get increased. Besides that, based on our simulation results, we
can infer that crowd disaster could be prevented if the agent
population are full of risk-averse and risk-neutral agents despite
circumstances that lead to threat consequences.
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