Iridium-Ruthenium Oxide Coatings as High-Charge-Injection Neural Stimulating Electrodes

Neural stimulation is one of the emerging clinical procedures applied for the treatments of various neurological disorders or spinal cord injury-related diseases, such as Parkinson’s, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, uncontrolled night urination. In addition, neural electrodes are used for interfacing the brain with artificial limbs, vision restoration and other sensory deficits. Basically, the implanted neural electrodes enables the transfer of information between an artificial device and the nervous system by acting as a bridge between two different sources, the external electronic control device and the human biological system. Much attention has been given to the design/functionality of neural stimulating electrodes regarding its size, sensitivity, reaction to human tissue, its stability, service time and fouling, etc.