Factores ecoepidemiológicos relacionados con la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos Anti-Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi en habitantes autóctonos de comunidades de Isla Margarita, Estado Nueva Esparta, Venezuela

Chagas’ disease or American Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) is a pandemic parasitosis spreaded alongside the Neotropic; in Venezuela is endemic in all States except in Delta Amacuro and Nueva Esparta. The aim of this descriptive, epidemiological, field and cross-section study was to detect circulating anti-T. cruzi antibodies in autochthonous inhabitants from two communities of the last State by Indirect Hemaglutination, Indirect Immunofluorescence and Immunoenzimatic Essay tests, that were applied to 420 autochthonous inhabitants from Fuentidueno and Sabana de Guacuco communities. Also, was reported the epidemiological risk factors that may facilitate the establishment and transmission of the human infection and others mammals. The information obtained was analyzed by calculation of differences between proportions test (z value) with independent sampling, considering values as significant with P<0.05. The evaluation of the presence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies showed values of 6.9% global seropositivity, 5.4 and 5.6% in younger inhabitants, 0-9 (yrs) and 10-19, (yrs) respectively. Older individuals 50-79 (yrs) showed values of 30 and 50 %, respectively. These results are discussed and the risk factors observed, which indicate with precision the active transmission of the infectiondisease by T. cruzi in the communities studied, which stand out for the tourist condition of the island. The measures that should be implemented in this region are emphasized for the prevention and control of the disease, in order to reduce its vector, oral and transfusional transmission.