Applications of biomass derived biochar in modern science and technology

Abstract Biochar production from waste biomass are attracting huge interest as a low cost amendment due to its potential numerous benefits to modern science, technology, and environment as well as its ability to sequester carbon in soil. Until now, there is not much concrete data available linking biochar application for sustainable environment and modern science under changing climate. Not only does this review critically examine published data, it also considers the influence of biochar on hydrogel-biochar composite technology, nanotechnology, hazardous pesticide detoxification and as an important source of minerals ingredients as well as catalyst for different chemical reaction. Application of biochar in modern science and technology exerts measurable changes in renewable energy generation and producing activated carbon. Mechanistic evidence of biochar’s potential for enhancing crop physiology and alleviate salt growth of plant and role in improving animal growth are also discussed. Thus, the biochar addition in environment emerges as a ‘win win strategy’ for modern science and technology.