Human fertilin β: Identification, characterization, and chromosomal mapping of an ADAM gene family member

Fertilin α/β (PH30 α/β) is a heterodimeric sperm surface protein containing binding and fusion domains with potential for interaction with integrin receptors on the oocyte. We report the cDNA cloning, deduced amino acid sequence, tissue specificity, and chromosomal mapping of human fertilin β. Encoded by a 2205 nucleotide open reading frame, the deduced amino acid sequence of human fertilin β contains pro-, metalloprotease-like, disintegrin-like, cysteine-rich, epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeat, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains. Due to this domain organization, human fertilin β has been identified as a member of the ADAM family, which is composed of membrane-anchored proteins having A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease domain. The amino acid sequence of human fertilin β shares 90%, 56%, and 55% identity, respectively, to monkey, guinea pig, and mouse fertilin β homologs. A phenylalanine-glutamate-glutamate (FEE) binding tripeptide within the disintegrin-like domain of human fertilin β, homologous to other fertilin β RGD-like (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) tripeptides, could compete for recognition by integrins and other receptors. Northern analysis from 16 human tissues revealed human fertilin β's 2.9 kb message only in testis, which raises interest in possible clinical applications of this molecule as a contraceptive vaccinogen. Human fertilin β maps to chromosome 8, band p11.2, by fluorescence in situ hybridization and mouse/human somatic cell hybrid Southern hybridization. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 46:363–369, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.