Short term multi-organ metabolic benefits of rapid weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy in severely obese patients.

ABSTRACT Setting Academic Hospital, United States Objectives Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become the most prevalent bariatric-metabolic surgical approach in the US with broad benefits from a systemic and metabolic perspective. The aim of this study is to comprehensively describe the short-term multi-organ metabolic effects of rapid weight loss after SG. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients that underwent SG at our institution between 2012 and 2016. We analyzed the required variables to calculate multiple risk scores such as cardiovascular, hypertension, and diabetes risk scores. Furthermore, the renal and hepatic functions and the metabolic and hematologic profiles were assessed at 12 months of follow-up. Results A total of 1002 patients were included in the analysis. Percentage of excess body mass index loss was, on average, 65% at 12 months follow-up. We observed a positive cardio-renal-hepatic improvement demonstrated by a substantial reduction of the 10-year cardiovascular risk. We noticed an improvement of renal function more significant in chronic kidney disease (stage ≥2) and a significant improvement on liver function tests (measured by decreased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase) at 12 months of follow-up. Our data also shows a positive impact on decreasing the risk of developing hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There was a positive impact on the lipid profile with exception of low-density lipoprotein. Conclusion There is a significant short-term benefit on multi-organ metabolic parameters after rapid weight loss in severely obese subjects undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.