A Multidirectional Two-tube Method for Chemical Pleurodesis could improve distribution of the Sclerosing Agent within the Pleural Cavity

IntroductionMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) affects approximately 200,000 people in the United States per annum. Chemical pleurodesis is a recommended first line treatment in the management of MPE, however, success rates as low as 43% has been reported. A bedside chemical pleurodesis can cost up to $11,224 and an estimated inpatient annual expenditure of more than $5 billion in the US alone. This study aims to assess the distribution of the talc slurry within the pleural space using cadaveric models and to determine the force required to push the talc slurry though a 14 Fr chest tube. Materials and MethodsThe force required to administer the talc slurry through a 14 Fr chest tube was tested using a Zwick/Roelle Z005 mechanical tester. Talc slurry distribution within the pleural cavity was assessed by direct visualisation following administration to the cadaveric models using single and multidirectional two-tube methods. ResultsMaximum force required to push the talc slurry though a 14 Fr chest tube was 11.36 N +/- 2.79 N. Distribution of the talc slurry within the pleural cavity was found to be poor with a single tube method. Multidirectional two-tube method of administration showed more even distribution. ConclusionThe experimental multidirectional two-tube method results in wider distribution of the talc slurry within the pleural cavity and could further improve success rate of the talc pleurodesis.