Thoracic Epidural Injections

The prevalence of mid- and upper back chronic pain is significantly lower than low back and neck pain with reports showing pain of thoracic origin in 5–15% of the patients, compared to 24–44% with neck pain and 33–56% with low back pain. Thoracic intervertebral discs, nerve roots, and facet joints are capable of transmitting pain in the thoracic spine with radiation into the chest wall and abdominal wall. Chronic, persistent thoracic and chest wall pain and radicular pain may be secondary to disc herniation, discogenic pain, spinal stenosis, or post-thoracic surgery syndrome.