油菜（Brassica napus）油酸性状的遗传规律研究

The materials which we have used were both high oleic acid line 04-863 (80.5%) and low oleic acid line Xiangyou No. 15 self-pollination line 04-1020 (62.7%). Inheritance law of oleic acid character of rapeseed was studied. The results are as follows: 1) Oleic acid character in rapeseed is an quantitative character, which can not be distinguished distinctly; 2) Oleic acid content in F1 is middle between both parents but maternal has more influence on it, if high oleic acid line 04-863 is used as maternal, the distribution of oleic acid content ((average)X=73.41) is reflected to maternal. If low oleic acid content line 04-1020 is used as maternal, the F1 oleic acid content ((average)X=67.75) is also reflected to maternal of low oleic acid content; 3) The oleic acid contents in both the parents and F1 are susceptible to environment changes, as they show phenotypic differences and in one of their genotypes respectively; F2 generation shows wide-ranging separation which is due to both genotype separation and environment difference. The measurement of phenotype difference is used by variance (V) and standard deviation (S). Which has been recorded that the degree of variation departs form mean and standard deviation of F2 generation is larger than other generations such as P1, P2, and F1, that is V=52.81 and S=7.28 in F2; 4) The distribution of variance in P1, P2, F1 and F2 shows nearly normal distribution, that is extremity type a few and middle type a great many; 5) One pair major gene is necessary to control rapeseed oleic acid character. This is due to separation of oleic acid character which shows a ratio 3:1 law of separation by Mendel and by backcross ratio 1:1. The heritability of oleic acid is 69%~71%, which is 69%~70% due to influence of heredity difference and 31%~29% by environment influence. The results showed that the difference between quantitative and qualitative character is not absolutely relevant.