Tomography of the Marine Crust, Based on the Use of Coastal Laser Strainmeters and Underwater Acoustic Projectors

Features of the tomography of the marine crust are described, based on the use of coastal laser strainmeters and broadband low-frequency underwater acoustic projectors. This approach is useful in studying the structure and composition of the marine crust in shelf areas, including ones covered with ice without destroying it. Numerous experimental studies have established that at sea depths equal to or less than half the length of a hydroacoustic wave generated by low-frequency underwater acoustic projectors, the hydroacoustic energy is mainly transformed into Rayleigh-type surface waves that radiate through the bottom on the hydroacoustic source–coast path.