EFFECT OF LEPR AND GR GENE POLYMORPHISMS ON HEALTH STATUS OF MOTHERS WITH METABOLIC DISORDERS AND THEIR NEWBORNS

The high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome throughout the world over the past two decades provided the grounds to the WHO to consider overweight as a non-infectious pandemic. Among the factors that negatively affect the metabolism, result in metabolic disorders and obesity there are genetic, prenatal, diet-related, somatic, psychogenic and others. Analysis of LEPR and GR gene polymorphisms among mothers and their newborns can be an important component in the prediction of metabolic disorders and obesity. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of clinical and genetic determinants of metabolic syndrome in mothers and their newborns. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study of 42 pairs of mothers and newborns was performed; we analyzed their anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters and, in particular, 2 types of genetic polymorphisms (LEPR rs1137101 and GR, BClI polymorphism). The main group consisted of 15 mother-child pairs, where the woman was clinically obese (body mass index more than 30), the comparison group included 27 mother-child pairs, where the women were overweight (body mass index more than 25). Results. Obese mothers were significantly more likely to have a miscarriage (p = 0.01). Children from obese mothers had significantly higher percentiles of birth weight compared to the control group (60.9 ± 7.7 and 49.75 ± 4.5, respectively, p = 0.05). The GG genotype of the GR gene was associated with more common indications for hospitalization (p = 0.012), rapid delivery (p = 0.01), umbilical cord entanglement around the neck of the foetus (p = 0.012). Among the children- carriers of the GG BclI genotype GR, cardio-metabolic disorders detected by the auscultation of the heart (arrhythmia, functional noise) were found out as significantly more frequent (p = 0.003). Conclusion. The study did not find the associations between LEPR and GR gene polymorphism in obese mothers and the development of overweight in their children, but the study revealed an adverse effect of polymorphic variants on obstetric and gynaecological status of mothers, labour and adaptation of infants in the early neonatal period.