The “Screening Index” to Select Building-Scale Heating Systems

Buildings are increasingly considered as a key to de-carbonize the economy, with improvements in their energy efficiency and in their heating systems as primary targets. The heating systems have a moderate lifespan, are renewed more frequently, and the integration of renewable energy sources is increasingly important. The energy selecting problem is a strategic issue. Several parameters should be included in the decision making such as technology, economy, environment, social benefits and others. An objective and quantitative decision is essential to select the optimal heating schemes. To develop such multi-criteria assessment, the present study combines the improved AHP and grey relational TOPSIS, together with the use of linear and non-linear combination weighing. It results in a quantitative comprehensive assessment, called "Screening index" model. Based on the evaluation elements, the optimal single or hybrid energy route option can be selected, as illustrated in a case study. The index can help users, system manufacturers, builders and even governments to select the most appropriate heating schemes.