An In-Vitro comparative evaluation of two different fluoride varnishes in the remineralization of artificial caries lesions on human primary and permanent teeth.

Context (Background): Fluoride varnish has the potential of remineralizing initial caries. The compound casein stabilizes the apatite crystal surface by promoting the release and    deposition of Calcium and Phosphate ions in the crystal voids ensuring remineralization. The Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) in combination with any form of fluoride increases the  resistance of apatite crystals to acid challenge and  remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions. Aims: To evaluate and compare the lesion depth and remineralization potential of two fluoride varnishes with and without CPP-ACP on artificial caries in human primary and permanent teeth. Settings and Design: Extracted 10 primary anterior and periodontally-weak 20 permanent anterior teeth were divided into two groups each containing 10 permanent and 5 primary teeth.  Methods and Material: The samples of each group were coated with nail varnish leaving the labial aspect uncoated and then artificially demineralized. Three windows incisal, middle and cervical measuring 1x1 mm each on the labial aspect were created.  The middle window taken as control was coated with nail varnish and the remaining two windows were coated with 5% NaF varnish and 5% NaF varnish containing CPP-ACP respectively. Samples were subjected to pH cycling and the lesion depth was measured using   Image-Pro Plus software. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired sample t test and independent sample t test. Results and Conclusion: Both varnishes produced significant reduction of lesion depth in both the groups. The CPP-ACP containing varnish had significantly higher remineralization potential than 5% NaF varnish.  Fluoride-Casein varnish had greatest remineralizing potential than fluoride used alone.