Phytogenic Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2 ) Nanoparticles Derived from Rosa davurica with Anti-bacterial and Anti-biofilm Activities

This work reports the synthesis, antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (RDL-TiO2NPs) from Rosa davurica leaf extract. The RDL-TiO2NPs were characterized using TEM-EDS, FTIR, DLS, and XRD analysis. The characterization results indicated that RDL-TiO2NPs were anatase particle-sized 146 ± 3 nm with a surface charge of − 23.53 ± 1.36 mV. The MIC, MBC, and IC50 of RDL-TiO2NPs were significantly varied among the targeted bacterial pathogens (p < 0.05). The MIC of RDL-TiO2 NPs were exhibited 15.62 μg/mL for S. aureus and B. cereus, 31.25 μg/mL for E. coli and 62.5 μg/mL for S. enterica. The MBC were found to be 125 μg/mL for S. aureus and B. cereus while 250 μg/mL for E. coli and S. enterica. The IC50 was exhibited higher (158.75 μg/mL) for S. enterica and lower (76.84 μg/mL) for S. aureus. Further, the TEM and crystal violet staining assays revealed that RDL-TiO2NPs inhibited bacterial biofilm by damaging the cell wall membrane. Overall, this work indicated that RDL-TiO2NPs is a promising antibacterial agent deserves further molecular elucidation.