Determinant of BCG Vaccine Coverage among Indonesian Children Aged 0-2 Months

Abstract Introduction The success of the Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is an indicator of the level of children's health in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of the BCG vaccine coverage among Indonesian children aged 0-2 months. Methods The cross-sectional design was obtained from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data from 2017. A total of 718 children aged 0-2 months were involved in this study. The instrument used in this study refers to the DHS Survey Questionnaire Phase 7. Child health information about the BCG immunization coverage is available in the Women's Questionnaire Topics. The variables include the mother’s age, the mother’s level of education, wealth, residence, distance, contraceptive use, visiting the health facilities and BCG vaccine coverage. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the determinants of BCG vaccine coverage. Results The prevalence of BCG vaccine coverage among Indonesian children aged 0-2 months was 45.96%. The mothers’ age [AOR=1.76; 95% CI=1.14-2.73], contraceptive use [AOR=4.24; 95% CI=2.93-6.15], and visits to the health facilities in the last 6 months [AOR=1.72; 95% CI=1.11-2.67] were associated with BCG vaccine coverage among Indonesian children aged 0-2 months. However, education, wealth quintile, residence, and distance were not significantly related to BCG vaccination. Discussion This study indicates that mothers of a sufficient maternal age can meet the needs of their children concerning the BCG vaccine. In addition, regular visits for the mother to the health community center can provide the BCG vaccine in a timely manner. Increasing the awareness among the mothers through health promotion and counseling should be promoted.