Conformational analysis of N,N-disubstituted-1,4-diazepane orexin receptor antagonists and implications for receptor binding

NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and molecular modeling studies indicate that N,N-disubstituted-1,4-diazepane orexin receptor antagonists exist in an unexpected low-energy conformation that is characterized by an intramolecular π-stacking interaction and a twist-boat ring conformation. Synthesis and evaluation of a macrocycle that enforces a similar conformation suggest that this geometry mimics the bioactive conformation.