Determination of trace titanium(IV) by differential pulse catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry at a bismuth film electrode

The differential pulse catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry behavior of titanium(IV)–cupferron system at bismuth coated glassy carbon electrode (BiFE) has been investigated. In the piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES)–KCl solution (pH 6.4), the deposition potential at −0.70 V for 120 s, a well-defined and sensitive stripping peak of Ti(IV)–cupferron complex at −0.97 V (vs. SCE) was observed. Under optimized conditions, the peak current was linear to the concentration of Ti(IV) in the range from 10 to 60 μg L−1 with the detection limit of 0.5 μg L−1. To further demonstrate its possible application, the method was successfully applied to detect trace Ti(IV) in hair and water samples with satisfactory results.