A quién proponer la profilaxis preexposición al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

espanolIntroduccion La profilaxis preexposicion (PrEP) al VIH consiste en administrar farmacos antirretrovirales a personas negativas para el VIH con practicas de riesgo. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las caracteristicas de los serconvertores recientes al VIH para conocer el perfil de los candidatos a quienes proponer PrEP. Metodos Estudio descriptivo de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de VIH durante 2014, con serologia negativa documentada en los 12 meses previos. Se paso un cuestionario estructurado para conocer caracteristicas sociodemograficas, conductuales y clinicas, y se realizo despistaje de otras ITS. Resultados El 98,4% de los 61 seroconvertores recientes eran hombres que tenian sexo con hombres, de 20 a 39 anos (88,5%), con antecedentes de ITS (80,3%) y multiples parejas con las que mantenian sexo sin preservativo (82,7%), bajo el efecto de drogas recreativas (87%). Conclusiones Evaluar el riesgo para el VIH de los pacientes seronegativos permite identificar a los candidatos idoneos a quienes proponer la PrEP. EnglishIntroduction HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) consists of administering antiretroviral drugs to seronegative individuals with high risk practices. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of recent seroconverted HIV patients in order to determine the profile of the appropriate candidates for PrEP. Methods A descriptive study of all patients diagnosed with HIV infection in 2014, and who had achieved a documented negative serology over the previous 12 months. A specific form was completed to determine the sociodemographic, behavioural, and clinical features, with complementary tests being performed for other sexually transmitted infections. Results Almost all (98.4%) of the 61 recent seroconverted were men who have sex with men, and aged between 20 to 39 years (88.5%). They also had a background of sexually transmitted infections (80.3%), performed multiple and unprotected sexual practices (82.7%), and under the effect of recreational drugs (87%). Conclusions The evaluation of the risk factors for HIV infection in seronegative patients should enable the appropriate candidates for PrEP to be identified.