Detección molecular de leptospiras patógenas en roedores sinantrópicos y silvestres capturados en Yucatán, México

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira , which is endemic in Mexico and considered a public and veterinary health problem. Rodents are the most relevant reservoirs of Leptospira spp. because the bacteria establish and reproduce in its renal tissue and are excreted through the urine. Objective: To identify the presence of Leptospira spp. in renal tissue from rodents captured in Yucatan, Mexico. Materials and methods: Synanthropic and wild rodents were captured in the rural municipality of Cenotillo, Yucatan, Mexico. We collected one kidney from each rodent and extracted the total DNA. The identification of Leptospira spp. was done by detecting two fragments of the 16S rRNA gene using end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We sequenced and analyzed positive products using alignment tools. Results: A total of 92 rodents belonging to seven different species were captured. The PCR yielded a global positivity of 5.4% (5/92). The alignment analysis of the sequenced products demonstrated a 100% of coverage and identity with Leptospira interrogans . This is the first molecular evidence of Leptospira spp. circulation in Heteromys gaumeri captured in Yucatan, Mexico. Conclusion: Our results evidenced that rodents of Yucatan are reservoirs of Leptospira spp. and participate in the infection cycle of leptospirosis in the region.