Fast model-reference current injection using RT-Linux

The dynamic clamp, an electrophysiological experimental technique utilizing the real-time computation of simulated ion channel conductances interacting with an in vitro experiment, has recently become a popular approach in both neural and cardiac electrophysiology. This paper outlines a new software implementation of this technique, which allows for computation speeds significantly faster than previous approaches using commonplace computing hardware. The authors' approach uses open-source freely available software tools and is easily extensible. They also discuss implementation issues affecting performance that previously have not been discussed in the literature.