Effects of initial precursors on calcium titanate perovskite formation using mechanochemical method

Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) is one of the pioneer materials for the perovskite structure. The perovskite material exhibits good electrical and optical properties that suitable for the electronics application. Synthesis of CaTiO3 using the common method of solid-state reaction requires high temperature. The mechanochemical is an alternative method to produce CaTiO3 at a lower temperature. This study aims to synthesize CaTiO3 powder using a variation of calcium and titanium dioxide precursor by mechanochemical method. The raw materials were calcium oxide (CaO), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and rutile and anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2). Milling time was varied for 10, 25, and 50 h. Characterization on the resulting milled powder was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for the morphology and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for the phase analysis. The XRD analysis results showed that the precursor CaO-TiO2 rutile and CaO- TiO2 anatase produced CaTiO3 phase. Meanwhile, the precursor containing carbonate hindered the formation of CaTiO3 phase.