Detection of Genotype D8 Measles Virus in Indonesia in 2014

Latar Belakang: Campak adalah salah satu penyakit menular dan dapat menyebabkan penyakit serius sampai kematian. Campak masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat karena wabah campak masih terjadi di seluruh Indonesia. Surveilans berbasis laboratorium berikut penyelidikan epidemiologi molekuler memiliki kontribusi besar untuk mencegah wabah campak. Studi sebelumnya telah mendokumentasikan kehadiran genotipe virus campak G2, G3 dan D9 di Indonesia, dan genotipe lainnya seperti B3, D4, D5, D8 dan H1 telah terdeteksi di negara-negara tetangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi virus campak yang menyebabkan wabah di Indonesia pada tahun 2014. Metode: Tujuh puluh empat spesimen urin yang dikumpulkan dari delapan provinsi dan diperiksa oleh satu langkah RT-PCR dan metode sequencing Sanger. A nalisis sekuensing dilakukan menggunakan Bioedit 7.1; DNAstar 7.0 dan software MEGA5.0. Hasil: Hasil PCR menunjukkan 34 dari 74 spesimen klinis positif dari virus campak. Kami menemukan genotipe dari 34 virus campak milik genotipe D8, D9 dan G3. Kesimpulan: Campak pertama genotipe D8 telah terdeteksi dari Indonesia pada tahun 2014 meskipun campak lainnya genotipe masih dapat ditemukan di Indonesia. Kata kunci: virus campak, D8 genotipe, wabah, Indonesia Background : Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It remains an important cause of death among young children globally, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. Measles is still a public health problem in Indonesia and measles outbreak still reported from many areas  throughout Indonesia.. Molecular epidemiology of measles viruses is an important component in outbreak investigations to to monitor the presence of circulating wild–type measles strains.Previous studies in Indonesia have documented the presence of measles virus genotypes G2, G3 and D9 in Indonesia, and the other genotypes such as B3, D4, D5, D8 and H1 have been detected in neighboring countries. This study aims to characterize the measles virus that causing outbreak in Indonesia in 2014. Methods : Seventy four urine specimens were collected from eight provinces and examined by one step RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing method. Sequencing analysis were conducted using Bioedit 7.1; DNA Star 7.0 and MEGA 5.0 software. Results : The PCR results showed 34 out of 74 clinical specimens positive of measles virus. We found the genotype of 34 measles viruses belongs to genotype D8, D9 and G3. Conclusion : The first measles genotype D8 has been detected from Indonesia in 2014 although other measles genotype still can be found in Indonesia. Keywords: Measles virus, D8 genotype, outbreak, Indonesia