Sparger can minimize blockage by solid in a fluizied bed system

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reaction system having a sparger capable of minimizing a blockage caused by solids, and a controlling method thereof. More specifically, the fluidized bed reaction system having a sparger includes: a fluidized bed reactor which stores a solid layer of a specific height (Hs) inside and is fluidized by injected fluidized gas; a pipe-shaped sparger which is immersed in the solid layer in the fluidized bed reactor, and has a plurality of gas discharge holes formed to spray fluidized gas to the solid layer; and a gas supply line whose one end is in contact with a gas supply source and other end is connected to the sparger. According to the fluidized bed reaction system having a sparger capable of minimizing blockage caused by solids, fluidized gas flows into the sparger along the gas supply line by the driving of the gas supply source, and is sprayed to the solid layer through the gas discharge holes, the gas supply source is installed at a higher position than the sparger, and a height difference (Hg) between the gas supply source and the sparger is greater than the height (Hs) of the solid layer.